Category Archives: Raspberry Pi

Tracking an Object of Interest Based on Color in OpenCV on Raspberry Pi

March 17, 2023 admin

In this video lesson we show how you can track an object of interest in OpenCV on the Raspberry Pi. We do this by tracking color in the HSV color space. We dial in our object of interest using trackbars. For your convenience, the code below is what we developed in our video.

# ====================================================================
# DISCLAIMER:
# This code is provided as-is for educational and experimental 
# purposes only. The author makes no representations or warranties of 
# any kind concerning the safety, suitability, or accuracy of this 
# code. Use at your own risk. The author assumes no liability for any 
# damages, system failures, security breaches, or network issues 
# resulting from the use or implementation of this script.
# ====================================================================

import cv2
from picamera2 import Picamera2
import time
import numpy as np
picam2 = Picamera2()
dispW=1280
dispH=720
picam2.preview_configuration.main.size = (dispW,dispH)
picam2.preview_configuration.main.format = "RGB888"
picam2.preview_configuration.controls.FrameRate=30
picam2.preview_configuration.align()
picam2.configure("preview")
picam2.start()
fps=0
pos=(30,60)
font=cv2.FONT_HERSHEY_SIMPLEX
height=1.5
weight=3
myColor=(0,0,255)

def onTrack1(val):
    global hueLow
    hueLow=val
    print('Hue Low',hueLow)
def onTrack2(val):
    global hueHigh
    hueHigh=val
    print('Hue High',hueHigh)
def onTrack3(val):
    global satLow
    satLow=val
    print('Sat Low',satLow)
def onTrack4(val):
    global satHigh
    satHigh=val
    print('Sat High',satHigh)
def onTrack5(val):
    global valLow
    valLow=val
    print('Val Low',valLow)
def onTrack6(val):
    global valHigh
    valHigh=val
    print('Hue Low',valHigh)


cv2.namedWindow('myTracker')

cv2.createTrackbar('Hue Low','myTracker',10,179,onTrack1)
cv2.createTrackbar('Hue High','myTracker',30,179,onTrack2)
cv2.createTrackbar('Sat Low','myTracker',100,255,onTrack3)
cv2.createTrackbar('Sat High','myTracker',255,255,onTrack4)
cv2.createTrackbar('Val Low','myTracker',100,255,onTrack5)
cv2.createTrackbar('Val High','myTracker',255,255,onTrack6)

while True:
    tStart=time.time()
    frame= picam2.capture_array()
    cv2.putText(frame,str(int(fps))+' FPS',pos,font,height,myColor,weight)
    lowerBound=np.array([hueLow,satLow,valLow])
    upperBound=np.array([hueHigh,satHigh,valHigh])
    frameHSV=cv2.cvtColor(frame,cv2.COLOR_BGR2HSV)
    myMask=cv2.inRange(frameHSV,lowerBound,upperBound)
    myMaskSmall=cv2.resize(myMask,(int(dispW/2),int(dispH/2)))
    myObject=cv2.bitwise_and(frame, frame, mask=myMask)
    myObjectSmall=cv2.resize(myObject,(int(dispW/2),int(dispH/2)))
    cv2.imshow("Camera", frame)
    cv2.imshow('my Mask',myMaskSmall)
    cv2.imshow('My Objest',myObjectSmall)
    if cv2.waitKey(1)==ord('q'):
        break
    tEnd=time.time()
    loopTime=tEnd-tStart
    fps=.9*fps + .1*(1/loopTime)
cv2.destroyAllWindows()

# ====================================================================

# DISCLAIMER:

# This code is provided as-is for educational and experimental

# purposes only. The author makes no representations or warranties of

# any kind concerning the safety, suitability, or accuracy of this

# code. Use at your own risk. The author assumes no liability for any

# damages, system failures, security breaches, or network issues

# resulting from the use or implementation of this script.

# ====================================================================

import cv2

from picamera2 import Picamera2

import time

import numpy as np

picam2 = Picamera2()

dispW=1280

dispH=720

picam2.preview_configuration.main.size = (dispW,dispH)

picam2.preview_configuration.main.format = "RGB888"

picam2.preview_configuration.controls.FrameRate=30

picam2.preview_configuration.align()

picam2.configure("preview")

picam2.start()

fps=0

pos=(30,60)

font=cv2.FONT_HERSHEY_SIMPLEX

height=1.5

weight=3

myColor=(0,0,255)

def onTrack1(val):

global hueLow

hueLow=val

print('Hue Low',hueLow)

def onTrack2(val):

global hueHigh

hueHigh=val

print('Hue High',hueHigh)

def onTrack3(val):

global satLow

satLow=val

print('Sat Low',satLow)

def onTrack4(val):

global satHigh

satHigh=val

print('Sat High',satHigh)

def onTrack5(val):

global valLow

valLow=val

print('Val Low',valLow)

def onTrack6(val):

global valHigh

valHigh=val

print('Hue Low',valHigh)

cv2.namedWindow('myTracker')

cv2.createTrackbar('Hue Low','myTracker',10,179,onTrack1)

cv2.createTrackbar('Hue High','myTracker',30,179,onTrack2)

cv2.createTrackbar('Sat Low','myTracker',100,255,onTrack3)

cv2.createTrackbar('Sat High','myTracker',255,255,onTrack4)

cv2.createTrackbar('Val Low','myTracker',100,255,onTrack5)

cv2.createTrackbar('Val High','myTracker',255,255,onTrack6)

while True:

tStart=time.time()

frame= picam2.capture_array()

cv2.putText(frame,str(int(fps))+' FPS',pos,font,height,myColor,weight)

lowerBound=np.array([hueLow,satLow,valLow])

upperBound=np.array([hueHigh,satHigh,valHigh])

frameHSV=cv2.cvtColor(frame,cv2.COLOR_BGR2HSV)

myMask=cv2.inRange(frameHSV,lowerBound,upperBound)

myMaskSmall=cv2.resize(myMask,(int(dispW/2),int(dispH/2)))

myObject=cv2.bitwise_and(frame, frame, mask=myMask)

myObjectSmall=cv2.resize(myObject,(int(dispW/2),int(dispH/2)))

cv2.imshow("Camera", frame)

cv2.imshow('my Mask',myMaskSmall)

cv2.imshow('My Objest',myObjectSmall)

if cv2.waitKey(1)==ord('q'):

break

tEnd=time.time()

loopTime=tEnd-tStart

fps=.9*fps + .1*(1/loopTime)

cv2.destroyAllWindows()

OpenCV, Raspberry Pi

Using the Raspberry Pi Camera on Bullseye OS and OpenCV

January 12, 2023 admin

pip install opencv-python==4.6.0.66

1	pip install opencv-python==4.6.0.66

Then the following code will allow you to grab a frame and show a frame in a window. Looking this sequence creates a live video preview on your Raspberry Pi Screen.

# ====================================================================
# DISCLAIMER:
# This code is provided as-is for educational and experimental 
# purposes only. The author makes no representations or warranties of 
# any kind concerning the safety, suitability, or accuracy of this 
# code. Use at your own risk. The author assumes no liability for any 
# damages, system failures, security breaches, or network issues 
# resulting from the use or implementation of this script.
# ====================================================================

import cv2
from picamera2 import Picamera2
picam2 = Picamera2()
picam2.preview_configuration.main.size = (1280,720)
picam2.preview_configuration.main.format = "RGB888"
picam2.preview_configuration.align()
picam2.configure("preview")
picam2.start()
while True:
    im= picam2.capture_array()
    cv2.imshow("Camera", im)
    if cv2.waitKey(1)==ord('q'):
        break
cv2.destroyAllWindows()

# ====================================================================

# DISCLAIMER:

# This code is provided as-is for educational and experimental

# purposes only. The author makes no representations or warranties of

# any kind concerning the safety, suitability, or accuracy of this

# code. Use at your own risk. The author assumes no liability for any

# damages, system failures, security breaches, or network issues

# resulting from the use or implementation of this script.

# ====================================================================

import cv2

from picamera2 import Picamera2

picam2 = Picamera2()

picam2.preview_configuration.main.size = (1280,720)

picam2.preview_configuration.main.format = "RGB888"

picam2.preview_configuration.align()

picam2.configure("preview")

picam2.start()

while True:

im= picam2.capture_array()

cv2.imshow("Camera", im)

if cv2.waitKey(1)==ord('q'):

break

cv2.destroyAllWindows()

Python, Raspberry Pi

Raspberry Pi LESSON 38: Motion Detection Alarm with Multiple Alarms

December 1, 2022 admin

In this video lesson we show how to create an Alarm System based on a Raspberry Pi, with user input from a keypad, and user prompts on an I2C LCD Display. From the earlier lessons in this series, you must install the LCD1602 Library, and you must install the keypad library. We include the code that we develop in this lesson below for your convenience:

# ====================================================================
# DISCLAIMER:
# This code is provided as-is for educational and experimental 
# purposes only. The author makes no representations or warranties of 
# any kind concerning the safety, suitability, or accuracy of this 
# code. Use at your own risk. The author assumes no liability for any 
# damages, system failures, security breaches, or network issues 
# resulting from the use or implementation of this script.
# ====================================================================

import RPi.GPIO as GPIO
GPIO.setmode(GPIO.BOARD)
PIRpin=12
GPIO.setup(PIRpin,GPIO.IN)
import LCD1602
import KPLIB
from time import sleep
import threading
myPad=KPLIB.keypad(retChar='D')
LCD1602.init(0x27,1)
myString=''
pwd='1234'

from pygame import mixer
mixer.init()
mixer.music.load('al1.mp3')

def readKP():
    global myString
    ts=.5
    while myString != '*':
        myString=myPad.readKeypad()
        sleep(ts)
readThread=threading.Thread(target=readKP,)
readThread.daemon=True
readThread.start()
while myString != '*':
    CMD=myString
    if CMD=='A'+pwd:
        LCD1602.write(0,0,'Armed          ')
        moveVal=GPIO.input(PIRpin)
        if moveVal==1:
            LCD1602.write(0,1,'Intruder Alert')
            mixer.music.play()
            ts=10
            sleep(ts)
        if moveVal==0:
            LCD1602.write(0,1,'All Clear      ')
    if CMD=='B'+pwd:
        LCD1602.write(0,0,'UnArmed        ')
        LCD1602.write(0,1,'               ')
    if CMD=='C'+pwd:
        LCD1602.write(0,0,'Password?      ')
        LCD1602.write(0,1,'               ')
        while myString=='C'+pwd:
            pass
        pwd=myString
        LCD1602.write(0,0,pwd+'         ')
        ts=2
        sleep(ts)
        LCD1602.write(0,0,'               ')
        LCD1602.clear()
    if CMD=='CA1'+pwd:
        myString='A'+pwd
        mixer.music.load('al1.mp3')
    if CMD=='CA2'+pwd:
        myString='A'+pwd
        mixer.music.load('al2.mp3')
    if CMD=='CA3'+pwd:
        myString='A'+pwd
        mixer.music.load('al3.wav')
    if CMD=='CA4'+pwd:
        myString='A'+pwd
        mixer.music.load('al4.wav')
    if CMD=='CA5'+pwd:
        myString='A'+pwd
        mixer.music.load('al5.mp3')
ts=1
sleep(ts)
GPIO.cleanup()
LCD1602.clear()
print('GPIO Good to Go')

# ====================================================================

# DISCLAIMER:

# This code is provided as-is for educational and experimental

# purposes only. The author makes no representations or warranties of

# any kind concerning the safety, suitability, or accuracy of this

# code. Use at your own risk. The author assumes no liability for any

# damages, system failures, security breaches, or network issues

# resulting from the use or implementation of this script.

# ====================================================================

import RPi.GPIO as GPIO

GPIO.setmode(GPIO.BOARD)

PIRpin=12

GPIO.setup(PIRpin,GPIO.IN)

import LCD1602

import KPLIB

from time import sleep

import threading

myPad=KPLIB.keypad(retChar='D')

LCD1602.init(0x27,1)

myString=''

pwd='1234'

from pygame import mixer

mixer.init()

mixer.music.load('al1.mp3')

def readKP():

global myString

ts=.5

while myString != '*':

myString=myPad.readKeypad()

sleep(ts)

readThread=threading.Thread(target=readKP,)

readThread.daemon=True

readThread.start()

while myString != '*':

CMD=myString

if CMD=='A'+pwd:

LCD1602.write(0,0,'Armed ')

moveVal=GPIO.input(PIRpin)

if moveVal==1:

LCD1602.write(0,1,'Intruder Alert')

mixer.music.play()

ts=10

sleep(ts)

if moveVal==0:

LCD1602.write(0,1,'All Clear ')

if CMD=='B'+pwd:

LCD1602.write(0,0,'UnArmed ')

LCD1602.write(0,1,' ')

if CMD=='C'+pwd:

LCD1602.write(0,0,'Password? ')

LCD1602.write(0,1,' ')

while myString=='C'+pwd:

pass

pwd=myString

LCD1602.write(0,0,pwd+' ')

ts=2

sleep(ts)

LCD1602.write(0,0,' ')

LCD1602.clear()

if CMD=='CA1'+pwd:

myString='A'+pwd

mixer.music.load('al1.mp3')

if CMD=='CA2'+pwd:

myString='A'+pwd

mixer.music.load('al2.mp3')

if CMD=='CA3'+pwd:

myString='A'+pwd

mixer.music.load('al3.wav')

if CMD=='CA4'+pwd:

myString='A'+pwd

mixer.music.load('al4.wav')

if CMD=='CA5'+pwd:

myString='A'+pwd

mixer.music.load('al5.mp3')

ts=1

sleep(ts)

GPIO.cleanup()

LCD1602.clear()

print('GPIO Good to Go')

Raspberry Pi, Tutorial

Raspberry Pi LESSON 37: Raspberry Pi Security System

November 24, 2022 admin

In this lesson we add an audible alarm to our security system. I am connecting to a Bluetooth speaker, and then using the pygame library to play an alarm sound. The pygame library will play any .mp3 file, so search the internet and find a suitable alarm sound for your system. I amusing an air raid siren, and really like it! Below for your convenience is the code we develop in this video:

# ====================================================================
# DISCLAIMER:
# This code is provided as-is for educational and experimental 
# purposes only. The author makes no representations or warranties of 
# any kind concerning the safety, suitability, or accuracy of this 
# code. Use at your own risk. The author assumes no liability for any 
# damages, system failures, security breaches, or network issues 
# resulting from the use or implementation of this script.
# ====================================================================

import RPi.GPIO as GPIO
GPIO.setmode(GPIO.BOARD)
PIRpin=12
GPIO.setup(PIRpin,GPIO.IN)
import LCD1602
import KPLIB
from time import sleep
import threading
myPad=KPLIB.keypad(retChar='D')
LCD1602.init(0x27,1)
myString=''
pwd='1234'

from pygame import mixer
mixer.init()
mixer.music.load('alarm.mp3')

def readKP():
    global myString
    while myString != '*':
        myString=myPad.readKeypad()
        ts=.5
        sleep(ts)
readThread=threading.Thread(target=readKP,)
readThread.daemon=True
readThread.start()
while myString != '*':
    CMD=myString
    if CMD=='A'+pwd:
        LCD1602.write(0,0,'Armed          ')
        moveVal=GPIO.input(PIRpin)
        if moveVal==1:
            LCD1602.write(0,1,'Intruder Alert')
            mixer.music.play()
            ts=10
            sleep(ts)
        if moveVal==0:
            LCD1602.write(0,1,'All Clear      ')
    if CMD=='B'+pwd:
        LCD1602.write(0,0,'UnArmed        ')
        LCD1602.write(0,1,'               ')
    if CMD=='C'+pwd:
        LCD1602.write(0,0,'Password?      ')
        LCD1602.write(0,1,'               ')
        while myString=='C'+pwd:
            pass
        pwd=myString
        LCD1602.write(0,0,pwd+'         ')
        ts=2
        sleep(ts)
        LCD1602.write(0,0,'               ')
        LCD1602.clear()
ts=1
sleep(ts)
GPIO.cleanup()
LCD1602.clear()
print('GPIO Good to Go')

# ====================================================================

# DISCLAIMER:

# This code is provided as-is for educational and experimental

# purposes only. The author makes no representations or warranties of

# any kind concerning the safety, suitability, or accuracy of this

# code. Use at your own risk. The author assumes no liability for any

# damages, system failures, security breaches, or network issues

# resulting from the use or implementation of this script.

# ====================================================================

import RPi.GPIO as GPIO

GPIO.setmode(GPIO.BOARD)

PIRpin=12

GPIO.setup(PIRpin,GPIO.IN)

import LCD1602

import KPLIB

from time import sleep

import threading

myPad=KPLIB.keypad(retChar='D')

LCD1602.init(0x27,1)

myString=''

pwd='1234'

from pygame import mixer

mixer.init()

mixer.music.load('alarm.mp3')

def readKP():

global myString

while myString != '*':

myString=myPad.readKeypad()

ts=.5

sleep(ts)

readThread=threading.Thread(target=readKP,)

readThread.daemon=True

readThread.start()

while myString != '*':

CMD=myString

if CMD=='A'+pwd:

LCD1602.write(0,0,'Armed ')

moveVal=GPIO.input(PIRpin)

if moveVal==1:

LCD1602.write(0,1,'Intruder Alert')

mixer.music.play()

ts=10

sleep(ts)

if moveVal==0:

LCD1602.write(0,1,'All Clear ')

if CMD=='B'+pwd:

LCD1602.write(0,0,'UnArmed ')

LCD1602.write(0,1,' ')

if CMD=='C'+pwd:

LCD1602.write(0,0,'Password? ')

LCD1602.write(0,1,' ')

while myString=='C'+pwd:

pass

pwd=myString

LCD1602.write(0,0,pwd+' ')

ts=2

sleep(ts)

LCD1602.write(0,0,' ')

LCD1602.clear()

ts=1

sleep(ts)

GPIO.cleanup()

LCD1602.clear()

print('GPIO Good to Go')

Raspberry Pi

Raspberry Pi LESSON 36: Motion Detection Alarm System With LCD and Keypad

November 10, 2022 admin

In this lesson we show the basic framework for an Alarm System with operator control through a keypad, and output to an LCD screen. We incorporate a PIR sensor to detect motion. In the next lesson we will add an audible alarm. For your convenience, the code developed in the above video is included below:

# ====================================================================
# DISCLAIMER:
# This code is provided as-is for educational and experimental 
# purposes only. The author makes no representations or warranties of 
# any kind concerning the safety, suitability, or accuracy of this 
# code. Use at your own risk. The author assumes no liability for any 
# damages, system failures, security breaches, or network issues 
# resulting from the use or implementation of this script.
# ====================================================================

import RPi.GPIO as GPIO
GPIO.setmode(GPIO.BOARD)
PIRpin=12
GPIO.setup(PIRpin,GPIO.IN)
import LCD1602
import KPLIB
from time import sleep
import threading
myPad=KPLIB.keypad(retChar='D')
LCD1602.init(0x27,1)
myString=''
pwd='1234'
def readKP():
    global myString
    while myString != '*':
        myString=myPad.readKeypad()
        ts=.5
        sleep(ts)
readThread=threading.Thread(target=readKP,)
readThread.daemon=True
readThread.start()
while myString != '*':
    CMD=myString
    if CMD=='A'+pwd:
        LCD1602.write(0,0,'Armed          ')
        moveVal=GPIO.input(PIRpin)
        if moveVal==1:
            LCD1602.write(0,1,'Intruder Alert')
        if moveVal==0:
            LCD1602.write(0,1,'All Clear      ')
    if CMD=='B'+pwd:
        LCD1602.write(0,0,'UnArmed        ')
        LCD1602.write(0,1,'               ')
    if CMD=='C'+pwd:
        LCD1602.write(0,0,'Password?      ')
        LCD1602.write(0,1,'               ')
        while myString=='C'+pwd:
            pass
        pwd=myString
        LCD1602.write(0,0,pwd+'         ')
        ts=2
        sleep(ts)
        LCD1602.write(0,0,'               ')
        LCD1602.clear()
ts=1
sleep(ts)
GPIO.cleanup()
LCD1602.clear()
print('GPIO Good to Go')

# ====================================================================

# DISCLAIMER:

# This code is provided as-is for educational and experimental

# purposes only. The author makes no representations or warranties of

# any kind concerning the safety, suitability, or accuracy of this

# code. Use at your own risk. The author assumes no liability for any

# damages, system failures, security breaches, or network issues

# resulting from the use or implementation of this script.

# ====================================================================

import RPi.GPIO as GPIO

GPIO.setmode(GPIO.BOARD)

PIRpin=12

GPIO.setup(PIRpin,GPIO.IN)

import LCD1602

import KPLIB

from time import sleep

import threading

myPad=KPLIB.keypad(retChar='D')

LCD1602.init(0x27,1)

myString=''

pwd='1234'

def readKP():

global myString

while myString != '*':

myString=myPad.readKeypad()

ts=.5

sleep(ts)

readThread=threading.Thread(target=readKP,)

readThread.daemon=True

readThread.start()

while myString != '*':

CMD=myString

if CMD=='A'+pwd:

LCD1602.write(0,0,'Armed ')

moveVal=GPIO.input(PIRpin)

if moveVal==1:

LCD1602.write(0,1,'Intruder Alert')

if moveVal==0:

LCD1602.write(0,1,'All Clear ')

if CMD=='B'+pwd:

LCD1602.write(0,0,'UnArmed ')

LCD1602.write(0,1,' ')

if CMD=='C'+pwd:

LCD1602.write(0,0,'Password? ')

LCD1602.write(0,1,' ')

while myString=='C'+pwd:

pass

pwd=myString

LCD1602.write(0,0,pwd+' ')

ts=2

sleep(ts)

LCD1602.write(0,0,' ')

LCD1602.clear()

ts=1

sleep(ts)

GPIO.cleanup()

LCD1602.clear()

print('GPIO Good to Go')

Technology Tutorials

Category Archives: Raspberry Pi

Tracking an Object of Interest Based on Color in OpenCV on Raspberry Pi

Using the Raspberry Pi Camera on Bullseye OS and OpenCV

Raspberry Pi LESSON 38: Motion Detection Alarm with Multiple Alarms

Raspberry Pi LESSON 37: Raspberry Pi Security System

Raspberry Pi LESSON 36: Motion Detection Alarm System With LCD and Keypad

Making The World a Better Place One High Tech Project at a Time. Enjoy!