Category Archives: MicroPython

In this video lesson we showed how to convert an angle on the HSV color wheel into an RGB value that can be applied to an RGB LED. In effect, we can find a color we like on the HSV color wheel, and turn the LED in our project that color. The video above shows the framework we are using, and then derives the equations, and then develops the code. For your convenience, the code for the conversion is shown below. To make this a library, we save it as h2RGB.py on our Raspberry Pi Pico W. You can save it either in the same folder your main programs are in, or in the lib folder. To use the library, then simply import the file (h2RGB) and call the method h2RGB.getRGB(degrees), where degrees is the point on the HSV color wheel you want to convert. All of this is explained in detail in the above video.

def getRGB(deg):
    m=1/60
    if deg>=0 and deg<60:
        R=1
        G=0
        B=m*deg
    if deg>=60 and deg<120:
        R=1-m*(deg-60)
        G=0
        B=1
    if deg>=120 and deg<180:
        R=0
        G=m*(deg-120)
        B=1
    if deg>=180 and deg<240:
        R=0
        G=1
        B=1-m*(deg-180)
    if deg>=240 and deg<300:
        R=m*(deg-240)
        G=1
        B=0
    if deg>=300 and deg<360:
        R=1
        G=1-m*(deg-300)
        B=0
    myColor=(R,G,B)
    return myColor

def getRGB(deg):

m=1/60

if deg>=0 and deg<60:

R=1

G=0

B=m*deg

if deg>=60 and deg<120:

R=1-m*(deg-60)

G=0

B=1

if deg>=120 and deg<180:

R=0

G=m*(deg-120)

B=1

if deg>=180 and deg<240:

R=0

G=1

B=1-m*(deg-180)

if deg>=240 and deg<300:

R=m*(deg-240)

G=1

B=0

if deg>=300 and deg<360:

R=1

G=1-m*(deg-300)

B=0

myColor=(R,G,B)

return myColor

MicroPython, Raspberry Pi Pico

Raspberry Pi Pico W Mobile Weather Station Project

August 29, 2023 admin

In this video lesson, we create a mobile sensorless weather station. This is a follow on from our earlier lesson, and with this class, we add a rechargeable LiPo Battery, and an OLED screen. For your convenience, we show the code below that was developed in this video.

import network
import time
import secrets
import urequests

from machine import Pin, I2C
from ssd1306 import SSD1306_I2C

i2c=I2C(1,sda=Pin(2),scl=Pin(3), freq=400000)
dsp=SSD1306_I2C(128,64,i2c)

wlan=network.WLAN(network.STA_IF)
wlan.active(True)
wlan.connect(secrets.SSID,secrets.PASSWORD)
while wlan.isconnected()==False:
    print('Connecting . . .')
print('Congratulations, You Have Connected')
#weather=urequests.get("https://api.openweathermap.org/data/2.5/weather?lat=0.478623&lon=33.164364&appid=0d631313b55e6e128285fd7882ba913f&units=imperial").json()
weather=urequests.get("https://api.openweathermap.org/data/2.5/weather?q=Jinja,Uganda&appid=0d631313b55e6e128285fd7882ba913f&units=imperial").json()
tm=time.localtime(weather['dt']+weather['timezone'])
print('Welcome to '+weather['name']+', '+weather['sys']['country'])
print('Local Time: '+str(tm[3])+':'+str(tm[4])+'  '+str(tm[1])+'/'+str(tm[2])+'/'+str(tm[0]))
sr=time.localtime(weather['sys']['sunrise']+weather['timezone'])
print('Sunrise at: '+str(sr[3])+':'+str(sr[4]))
ss=time.localtime(weather['sys']['sunset']+weather['timezone'])
print('Sunset at: '+str(ss[3]-12)+':'+str(ss[4])+' PM')
print('Current Temp: '+str(weather['main']['temp'])+' F')
print('Current Humidity: '+str(weather['main']['humidity'])+' %')
print('Current Barometric Pressure: '+str(weather['main']['pressure']*0.0009869233)+' ATM')
for i in range(len(weather['weather'])):
    print('Current Conditions: '+weather['weather'][i]['main']+', '+weather['weather'][i]['description'])
print('Wind: '+str(weather['wind']['speed'])+' MPH')
myTime=time.time()
while True:
    if time.time()-myTime>300:
       weather=urequests.get("https://api.openweathermap.org/data/2.5/weather?q=Jinja,Uganda&appid=0d631313b55e6e128285fd7882ba913f&units=imperial").json()
       tm=time.localtime(weather['dt']+weather['timezone'])
       ss=time.localtime(weather['sys']['sunset']+weather['timezone'])
       myTime=time.time()
       print('New Data Read')
    dsp.text('Welcome to '+weather['name'],0,0)
    sr=time.localtime(weather['sys']['sunrise']+weather['timezone'])

    dsp.text('Time: '+str(tm[3])+':'+str(tm[4]),0,16)
    dsp.text('Date: '+str(tm[1])+'/'+str(tm[2])+'/'+str(tm[0]),0,26)
    dsp.text('Sunrise: '+str(sr[3])+':'+str(sr[4]),0,36)
    dsp.text('Sunset: '+str(ss[3]-12)+':'+str(ss[4])+' PM',0,46)
    dsp.show()
    time.sleep(5)
    dsp.fill(0)
    dsp.text('Welcome to '+weather['name'],0,0)
    dsp.text('Weather: ',0,16)
    dsp.text('Temp: '+str(weather['main']['temp'])+' F',0,26)
    dsp.text('Humidity: '+str(weather['main']['humidity'])+' %',0,36)
    dsp.text('BP: '+str(weather['main']['pressure']*0.0009869233)+' ATM',0,46)
    dsp.text('Wind: '+str(weather['wind']['speed'])+' MPH',0,56)
    dsp.show()
    time.sleep(5)
    dsp.fill(0)
    dsp.text('Welcome to '+weather['name'],0,0)
    dsp.text('Conditions: ',0,16)
    row=26
    for i in range(len(weather['weather'])):
        dsp.text(weather['weather'][i]['main'],0,row)
        row=row+10
        dsp.text(weather['weather'][i]['description'],0,row)
        row=row+10
    dsp.show()
    time.sleep(5)
    dsp.fill(0)

import network

import time

import secrets

import urequests

from machine import Pin, I2C

from ssd1306 import SSD1306_I2C

i2c=I2C(1,sda=Pin(2),scl=Pin(3), freq=400000)

dsp=SSD1306_I2C(128,64,i2c)

wlan=network.WLAN(network.STA_IF)

wlan.active(True)

wlan.connect(secrets.SSID,secrets.PASSWORD)

while wlan.isconnected()==False:

print('Connecting . . .')

print('Congratulations, You Have Connected')

#weather=urequests.get("https://api.openweathermap.org/data/2.5/weather?lat=0.478623&lon=33.164364&appid=0d631313b55e6e128285fd7882ba913f&units=imperial").json()

weather=urequests.get("https://api.openweathermap.org/data/2.5/weather?q=Jinja,Uganda&appid=0d631313b55e6e128285fd7882ba913f&units=imperial").json()

tm=time.localtime(weather['dt']+weather['timezone'])

print('Welcome to '+weather['name']+', '+weather['sys']['country'])

print('Local Time: '+str(tm[3])+':'+str(tm[4])+' '+str(tm[1])+'/'+str(tm[2])+'/'+str(tm[0]))

sr=time.localtime(weather['sys']['sunrise']+weather['timezone'])

print('Sunrise at: '+str(sr[3])+':'+str(sr[4]))

ss=time.localtime(weather['sys']['sunset']+weather['timezone'])

print('Sunset at: '+str(ss[3]-12)+':'+str(ss[4])+' PM')

print('Current Temp: '+str(weather['main']['temp'])+' F')

print('Current Humidity: '+str(weather['main']['humidity'])+' %')

print('Current Barometric Pressure: '+str(weather['main']['pressure']*0.0009869233)+' ATM')

for i in range(len(weather['weather'])):

print('Current Conditions: '+weather['weather'][i]['main']+', '+weather['weather'][i]['description'])

print('Wind: '+str(weather['wind']['speed'])+' MPH')

myTime=time.time()

while True:

if time.time()-myTime>300:

weather=urequests.get("https://api.openweathermap.org/data/2.5/weather?q=Jinja,Uganda&appid=0d631313b55e6e128285fd7882ba913f&units=imperial").json()

tm=time.localtime(weather['dt']+weather['timezone'])

ss=time.localtime(weather['sys']['sunset']+weather['timezone'])

myTime=time.time()

print('New Data Read')

dsp.text('Welcome to '+weather['name'],0,0)

sr=time.localtime(weather['sys']['sunrise']+weather['timezone'])

dsp.text('Time: '+str(tm[3])+':'+str(tm[4]),0,16)

dsp.text('Date: '+str(tm[1])+'/'+str(tm[2])+'/'+str(tm[0]),0,26)

dsp.text('Sunrise: '+str(sr[3])+':'+str(sr[4]),0,36)

dsp.text('Sunset: '+str(ss[3]-12)+':'+str(ss[4])+' PM',0,46)

dsp.show()

time.sleep(5)

dsp.fill(0)

dsp.text('Welcome to '+weather['name'],0,0)

dsp.text('Weather: ',0,16)

dsp.text('Temp: '+str(weather['main']['temp'])+' F',0,26)

dsp.text('Humidity: '+str(weather['main']['humidity'])+' %',0,36)

dsp.text('BP: '+str(weather['main']['pressure']*0.0009869233)+' ATM',0,46)

dsp.text('Wind: '+str(weather['wind']['speed'])+' MPH',0,56)

dsp.show()

time.sleep(5)

dsp.fill(0)

dsp.text('Welcome to '+weather['name'],0,0)

dsp.text('Conditions: ',0,16)

row=26

for i in range(len(weather['weather'])):

dsp.text(weather['weather'][i]['main'],0,row)

row=row+10

dsp.text(weather['weather'][i]['description'],0,row)

row=row+10

dsp.show()

time.sleep(5)

dsp.fill(0)

MicroPython, Raspberry Pi Pico

Sensorless Remote Weather Station Project

August 22, 2023 admin

In this video lesson we show you step-by-step instructions on how to build a sensorless weather station on your Raspberry Pi Pico W. We show how to download real-time weather data from the internet, how to parse the data, and then display it. For your convenience, we include the code below which we develop in the video.

import network
import time
import secrets
import urequests
wlan=network.WLAN(network.STA_IF)
wlan.active(True)
wlan.connect(secrets.SSID,secrets.PASSWORD)
while wlan.isconnected()==False:
    print('Connecting . . .')
print('Congratulations, You Have Connected')
weather=urequests.get("https://api.openweathermap.org/data/2.5/weather?q=Jinja,Uganda&appid=0d631313b55e6e128285fd7882ba913f&units=imperial").json()
tm=time.localtime(weather['dt']+weather['timezone'])
print('Welcome to '+weather['name']+', '+weather['sys']['country'])
print('Local Time: '+str(tm[3])+':'+str(tm[4])+'  '+str(tm[1])+'/'+str(tm[2])+'/'+str(tm[0]))
sr=time.localtime(weather['sys']['sunrise']+weather['timezone'])
print('Sunrise at: '+str(sr[3])+':'+str(sr[4]))
ss=time.localtime(weather['sys']['sunset']+weather['timezone'])
print('Sunset at: '+str(ss[3]-12)+':'+str(ss[4])+' PM')
print('Current Temp: '+str(weather['main']['temp'])+' F')
print('Current Humidity: '+str(weather['main']['humidity'])+' %')
print('Current Barometric Pressure: '+str(weather['main']['pressure']*0.0009869233)+' ATM')
for i in range(len(weather['weather'])):
    print('Current Conditions: '+weather['weather'][i]['main']+', '+weather['weather'][i]['description'])
print('Wind: '+str(weather['wind']['speed'])+' MPH')

import network

import time

import secrets

import urequests

wlan=network.WLAN(network.STA_IF)

wlan.active(True)

wlan.connect(secrets.SSID,secrets.PASSWORD)

while wlan.isconnected()==False:

print('Connecting . . .')

print('Congratulations, You Have Connected')

weather=urequests.get("https://api.openweathermap.org/data/2.5/weather?q=Jinja,Uganda&appid=0d631313b55e6e128285fd7882ba913f&units=imperial").json()

tm=time.localtime(weather['dt']+weather['timezone'])

print('Welcome to '+weather['name']+', '+weather['sys']['country'])

print('Local Time: '+str(tm[3])+':'+str(tm[4])+' '+str(tm[1])+'/'+str(tm[2])+'/'+str(tm[0]))

sr=time.localtime(weather['sys']['sunrise']+weather['timezone'])

print('Sunrise at: '+str(sr[3])+':'+str(sr[4]))

ss=time.localtime(weather['sys']['sunset']+weather['timezone'])

print('Sunset at: '+str(ss[3]-12)+':'+str(ss[4])+' PM')

print('Current Temp: '+str(weather['main']['temp'])+' F')

print('Current Humidity: '+str(weather['main']['humidity'])+' %')

print('Current Barometric Pressure: '+str(weather['main']['pressure']*0.0009869233)+' ATM')

for i in range(len(weather['weather'])):

print('Current Conditions: '+weather['weather'][i]['main']+', '+weather['weather'][i]['description'])

print('Wind: '+str(weather['wind']['speed'])+' MPH')

MicroPython, Raspberry Pi Pico

Measure Temperature and Humidity on the Raspberry Pi Pico W

June 27, 2023 admin

In this video lesson we show how to create a simple project where the Raspberry Pi Pico W is connected to a DHT11 temperature and humidity sensor. The Pico measures the temperature and humidity from the sensor, and then displays it both on the Computer Screen, and on the LCD display we have connected to the Pico. The display toggles between showing degrees C and degrees F via a pushbutton. The schematic for the circuit is shown below:

Raspberry Pi Pico with DHT11 — Schematic showing how to connect LCD, pushbutton and DHT11 to the Raspberry Pi Pico W

Below is the software we developed for this project. Note you must first install the LCD library, which we show how to do HERE.

from machine import Pin
import utime as time
from dht import DHT11
from lcd1602 import LCD
lcd=LCD()

dataPin=16
myPin=Pin(dataPin,Pin.OUT,Pin.PULL_DOWN)
sensor=DHT11(myPin)

butPin=15
myButton=Pin(butPin,Pin.IN,Pin.PULL_UP)
tempUnitC=True
buttonState=1
buttonStateOld=1
print('My Sensor Data')
while True:
    buttonState=myButton.value()
    if buttonStateOld==0 and buttonState==1:
        tempUnitC= not tempUnitC
    try:
        sensor.measure()
    except:
        pass
    tempC=sensor.temperature()
    tempF=tempC*9/5+32
    hum=sensor.humidity()
    if tempUnitC==True:
        print("\r",'Temp= ',tempC,chr(176)+'C ', 'Humidity= ',hum,'%',end='    ')
        lcd.write(0,0,'Temp: '+str(tempC)+'\xDF'+'C  ')
        lcd.write(0,1,"Humidity: "+str(hum)+'%')
    if tempUnitC==False:
        print("\r",'Temp= ',tempF,chr(176)+'F ', 'Humidity= ',hum,'%',end='    ')
        lcd.write(0,0,'Temp: '+str(tempF)+'\xDF'+'F')
        lcd.write(0,1,"Humidity: "+str(hum)+'%')
    time.sleep(.1)
    buttonStateOld=buttonState

from machine import Pin

import utime as time

from dht import DHT11

from lcd1602 import LCD

lcd=LCD()

dataPin=16

myPin=Pin(dataPin,Pin.OUT,Pin.PULL_DOWN)

sensor=DHT11(myPin)

butPin=15

myButton=Pin(butPin,Pin.IN,Pin.PULL_UP)

tempUnitC=True

buttonState=1

buttonStateOld=1

print('My Sensor Data')

while True:

buttonState=myButton.value()

if buttonStateOld==0 and buttonState==1:

tempUnitC= not tempUnitC

try:

sensor.measure()

except:

pass

tempC=sensor.temperature()

tempF=tempC*9/5+32

hum=sensor.humidity()

if tempUnitC==True:

print("\r",'Temp= ',tempC,chr(176)+'C ', 'Humidity= ',hum,'%',end=' ')

lcd.write(0,0,'Temp: '+str(tempC)+'\xDF'+'C ')

lcd.write(0,1,"Humidity: "+str(hum)+'%')

if tempUnitC==False:

print("\r",'Temp= ',tempF,chr(176)+'F ', 'Humidity= ',hum,'%',end=' ')

lcd.write(0,0,'Temp: '+str(tempF)+'\xDF'+'F')

lcd.write(0,1,"Humidity: "+str(hum)+'%')

time.sleep(.1)

buttonStateOld=buttonState

MicroPython, Raspberry Pi, Raspberry Pi Pico

LCD1602 Display Library for Micropython and the Raspberry Pi Pico W

June 12, 2023 admin

This is some demonstration sample code showing use of the LCD1602 as an LCD display for the Raspberry Pi Pico W. The code is explained in the video above. It will prompt a user for his name, and then display a greeting on the LCD.

from lcd1602 import LCD
import utime as time
lcd=LCD()
while True:
    
    myName=input('What is Your Name? ')
    lcd.clear()
    greeting1='Hello '+myName
    greeting2='Welcome to My Pi'
    lcd.write(0,0,greeting1)
    lcd.write(0,1,greeting2)

from lcd1602 import LCD

import utime as time

lcd=LCD()

while True:

myName=input('What is Your Name? ')

lcd.clear()

greeting1='Hello '+myName

greeting2='Welcome to My Pi'

lcd.write(0,0,greeting1)

lcd.write(0,1,greeting2)

Below is the library for the Sunfounder Kepler Kit LCD1602 display. It allows the LCD display to operate with the Raspberry Pi Pico W. The code should be copied and pasted into Thonny, and then saved to your Raspberry Pi Pico W, to the same folder that contains you Python code. It MUST be saved with file name lcd1602.py

import machine
import time

class LCD():
    def __init__(self, addr=None, blen=1):
        sda = machine.Pin(6)
        scl = machine.Pin(7)
        self.bus = machine.I2C(1,sda=sda, scl=scl, freq=400000)
        #print(self.bus.scan())
        self.addr = self.scanAddress(addr)
        self.blen = blen
        self.send_command(0x33) # Must initialize to 8-line mode at first
        time.sleep(0.005)
        self.send_command(0x32) # Then initialize to 4-line mode
        time.sleep(0.005)
        self.send_command(0x28) # 2 Lines & 5*7 dots
        time.sleep(0.005)
        self.send_command(0x0C) # Enable display without cursor
        time.sleep(0.005)
        self.send_command(0x01) # Clear Screen
        self.bus.writeto(self.addr, bytearray([0x08]))

    def scanAddress(self, addr):
        devices = self.bus.scan()
        if len(devices) == 0:
            raise Exception("No LCD found")
        if addr is not None:
            if addr in devices:
                return addr
            else:
                raise Exception(f"LCD at 0x{addr:2X} not found")
        elif 0x27 in devices:
            return 0x27
        elif 0x3F in devices:
            return 0x3F
        else:
            raise Exception("No LCD found")

    def write_word(self, data):
        temp = data
        if self.blen == 1:
            temp |= 0x08
        else:
            temp &= 0xF7
        self.bus.writeto(self.addr, bytearray([temp]))
    
    def send_command(self, cmd):
        # Send bit7-4 firstly
        buf = cmd & 0xF0
        buf |= 0x04               # RS = 0, RW = 0, EN = 1
        self.write_word(buf)
        time.sleep(0.002)
        buf &= 0xFB               # Make EN = 0
        self.write_word(buf)

        # Send bit3-0 secondly
        buf = (cmd & 0x0F) << 4
        buf |= 0x04               # RS = 0, RW = 0, EN = 1
        self.write_word(buf)
        time.sleep(0.002)
        buf &= 0xFB               # Make EN = 0
        self.write_word(buf)
    
    def send_data(self, data):
        # Send bit7-4 firstly
        buf = data & 0xF0
        buf |= 0x05               # RS = 1, RW = 0, EN = 1
        self.write_word(buf)
        time.sleep(0.002)
        buf &= 0xFB               # Make EN = 0
        self.write_word(buf)

        # Send bit3-0 secondly
        buf = (data & 0x0F) << 4
        buf |= 0x05               # RS = 1, RW = 0, EN = 1
        self.write_word(buf)
        time.sleep(0.002)
        buf &= 0xFB               # Make EN = 0
        self.write_word(buf)
    
    def clear(self):
        self.send_command(0x01) # Clear Screen
        
    def openlight(self):  # Enable the backlight
        self.bus.writeto(self.addr,bytearray([0x08]))
        # self.bus.close()
    
    def write(self, x, y, str):
        if x < 0:
            x = 0
        if x > 15:
            x = 15
        if y < 0:
            y = 0
        if y > 1:
            y = 1

        # Move cursor
        addr = 0x80 + 0x40 * y + x
        self.send_command(addr)

        for chr in str:
            self.send_data(ord(chr))
    
    def message(self, text):
        #print("message: %s"%text)
        for char in text:
            if char == '\n':
                self.send_command(0xC0) # next line
            else:
                self.send_data(ord(char))

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import machine

import time

class LCD():

def __init__(self, addr=None, blen=1):

sda = machine.Pin(6)

scl = machine.Pin(7)

self.bus = machine.I2C(1,sda=sda, scl=scl, freq=400000)

#print(self.bus.scan())

self.addr = self.scanAddress(addr)

self.blen = blen

self.send_command(0x33) # Must initialize to 8-line mode at first

time.sleep(0.005)

self.send_command(0x32) # Then initialize to 4-line mode

time.sleep(0.005)

self.send_command(0x28) # 2 Lines & 5*7 dots

time.sleep(0.005)

self.send_command(0x0C) # Enable display without cursor

time.sleep(0.005)

self.send_command(0x01) # Clear Screen

self.bus.writeto(self.addr, bytearray([0x08]))

def scanAddress(self, addr):

devices = self.bus.scan()

if len(devices) == 0:

raise Exception("No LCD found")

if addr is not None:

if addr in devices:

return addr

else:

raise Exception(f"LCD at 0x{addr:2X} not found")

elif 0x27 in devices:

return 0x27

elif 0x3F in devices:

return 0x3F

else:

raise Exception("No LCD found")

def write_word(self, data):

temp = data

if self.blen == 1:

temp |= 0x08

else:

temp &= 0xF7

self.bus.writeto(self.addr, bytearray([temp]))

def send_command(self, cmd):

# Send bit7-4 firstly

buf = cmd & 0xF0

buf |= 0x04 # RS = 0, RW = 0, EN = 1

self.write_word(buf)

time.sleep(0.002)

buf &= 0xFB # Make EN = 0

self.write_word(buf)

# Send bit3-0 secondly

buf = (cmd & 0x0F) << 4

buf |= 0x04 # RS = 0, RW = 0, EN = 1

self.write_word(buf)

time.sleep(0.002)

buf &= 0xFB # Make EN = 0

self.write_word(buf)

def send_data(self, data):

# Send bit7-4 firstly

buf = data & 0xF0

buf |= 0x05 # RS = 1, RW = 0, EN = 1

self.write_word(buf)

time.sleep(0.002)

buf &= 0xFB # Make EN = 0

self.write_word(buf)

# Send bit3-0 secondly

buf = (data & 0x0F) << 4

buf |= 0x05 # RS = 1, RW = 0, EN = 1

self.write_word(buf)

time.sleep(0.002)

buf &= 0xFB # Make EN = 0

self.write_word(buf)

def clear(self):

self.send_command(0x01) # Clear Screen

def openlight(self): # Enable the backlight

self.bus.writeto(self.addr,bytearray([0x08]))

# self.bus.close()

def write(self, x, y, str):

if x < 0:

x = 0

if x > 15:

x = 15

if y < 0:

y = 0

if y > 1:

y = 1

# Move cursor

addr = 0x80 + 0x40 * y + x

self.send_command(addr)

for chr in str:

self.send_data(ord(chr))

def message(self, text):

#print("message: %s"%text)

for char in text:

if char == '\n':

self.send_command(0xC0) # next line

else:

self.send_data(ord(char))

Technology Tutorials

Category Archives: MicroPython

Convert HSV to RGB in Micropython

Raspberry Pi Pico W Mobile Weather Station Project

Sensorless Remote Weather Station Project

Measure Temperature and Humidity on the Raspberry Pi Pico W

LCD1602 Display Library for Micropython and the Raspberry Pi Pico W

Making The World a Better Place One High Tech Project at a Time. Enjoy!