A key to becoming an expert in Linux is mastering the technique of creating good path names to your files and folders. This lesson reviews material from earlier lessons, plus looks at some additional techniques for quickly getting to the file or folder you are looking for.
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Raspberry Pi with Linux LESSON 11: Fixing Problem with Keyboard and Special Characters
The standard boot configuration of the Raspberry pi can lead to some characters not working properly on US keyboards. In particular, the shift-number characters like !,~,# can not be where you expect them. The easiest way to fix this is to edit the nano /etc/default/keyboard file. The following should fix things for you.
$ sudo nano /etc/default/keyboard
Then on the line for XKBLAYOUT change it to:
XKBLAYOUT=”us”
That should make your pi work properly with most US keyboards.
Raspberry Pi Linux LESSON 10: Properly and Safely Shutting Down the Raspberry Pi
It is very easy to corrupt the SD card and your operating system on your Raspberry Pi. It is important to always properly shut down the raspberry pi. Never just remove power, always shutdown first. Never remove the SD card while the pi is booted or while it is powered. To remove the SD card, first shutdown the pi, then take the power off, then remove the card. Similarly, never plug the card in while the pi is powered.
The simplest way to shutdown the pi is with the command:
$ sudo halt
Instead, if you want to shutdown and then reboot, you can use:
$ sudo reboot
These two commands will take care of things most of the time. If for some reason sudo halt does not work, you can try the following:
$ sudo shutdown -h now
That will pretty much always work.
Raspberry Pi Linux LESSON 9: Using the Linux Sort Command
In this lesson we explore a new and very powerful Linux command . . . the sort command. The sort command allows you to sort a file alphabetically, numerically or by calendar month. We show how to sort forward or backward, and how to send the sorted list either to a file or to the terminal window. This quick video will get you up to speed on sorting in Linux.
Raspberry Pi with Linux LESSON 8: Sending Linux Command Output to a File
This lesson shows that we can redirect the output of our Linux commands to a file instead of the terminal window.
If we have a command like:
$ ls
The output is the list of files and folders in the current directory. If we instead want to send the output to a file we could use the followingg:
$ ls >out_file.txt
The list of files and folders is directed to a new file called out_file.txt. Note that all the same rules for paths still applies.
If we issued the command again, the old contents of the file would be overwritten. If we wanted to append the results to the end of the file instead of overwriting, we could do the following:
$ ls>>out_file.txt
When we use >> instead of >, the results will be appended to the end of the file.