Raspberry Pi LESSON 58: Control System for Pan/Tilt Camera Hat for RPi Camera

<span data-mce-type="bookmark" style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; overflow: hidden; line-height: 0;" class="mce_SELRES_start"></span>In this video lesson, we should a simple control algorithm for a pan tilt camera to track an Object of Interest in OpenCV. We train the device to recognize an Object of Interest based on color, and then the camera is adjusted to keep the object in the center of the frame as the device moves. For your convenience, the code developed in the lesson is included belos.

# ====================================================================
# DISCLAIMER:
# This code is provided as-is for educational and experimental 
# purposes only. The author makes no representations or warranties of 
# any kind concerning the safety, suitability, or accuracy of this 
# code. Use at your own risk. The author assumes no liability for any 
# damages, system failures, security breaches, or network issues 
# resulting from the use or implementation of this script.
# ====================================================================

import cv2
from picamera2 import Picamera2
import time
import numpy as np
from servo import Servo
picam2 = Picamera2()

pan=Servo(pin=13)
tilt=Servo(pin=12)

panAngle=0
tiltAngle=0

pan.set_angle(panAngle)
tilt.set_angle(tiltAngle)

dispW=1280
dispH=720
picam2.preview_configuration.main.size = (dispW,dispH)
picam2.preview_configuration.main.format = "RGB888"
picam2.preview_configuration.controls.FrameRate=30
picam2.preview_configuration.align()
picam2.configure("preview")
picam2.start()
fps=0
pos=(30,60)
font=cv2.FONT_HERSHEY_SIMPLEX
height=1.5
weight=3
myColor=(0,0,255)
track=0

def onTrack1(val):
    global hueLow
    hueLow=val
    print('Hue Low',hueLow)
def onTrack2(val):
    global hueHigh
    hueHigh=val
    print('Hue High',hueHigh)
def onTrack3(val):
    global satLow
    satLow=val
    print('Sat Low',satLow)
def onTrack4(val):
    global satHigh
    satHigh=val
    print('Sat High',satHigh)
def onTrack5(val):
    global valLow
    valLow=val
    print('Val Low',valLow)
def onTrack6(val):
    global valHigh
    valHigh=val
    print('Val High',valHigh)
def onTrack7(val):
    global track
    track=val
    print('Track Value',track)

cv2.namedWindow('myTracker')

cv2.createTrackbar('Hue Low','myTracker',10,179,onTrack1)
cv2.createTrackbar('Hue High','myTracker',20,179,onTrack2)
cv2.createTrackbar('Sat Low','myTracker',100,255,onTrack3)
cv2.createTrackbar('Sat High','myTracker',255,255,onTrack4)
cv2.createTrackbar('Val Low','myTracker',100,255,onTrack5)
cv2.createTrackbar('Val High','myTracker',255,255,onTrack6)
cv2.createTrackbar('Train-0 Track-1','myTracker',0,1,onTrack7)


while True:
    tStart=time.time()
    frame= picam2.capture_array()
    frame=cv2.flip(frame,-1)
    frameHSV=cv2.cvtColor(frame,cv2.COLOR_BGR2HSV)
    cv2.putText(frame,str(int(fps))+' FPS',pos,font,height,myColor,weight)
    lowerBound=np.array([hueLow,satLow,valLow])
    upperBound=np.array([hueHigh,satHigh,valHigh])
    myMask=cv2.inRange(frameHSV,lowerBound,upperBound)
    myMaskSmall=cv2.resize(myMask,(int(dispW/2),int(dispH/2)))
    myObject=cv2.bitwise_and(frame,frame, mask=myMask)
    myObjectSmall=cv2.resize(myObject,(int(dispW/2),int(dispH/2)))
    
    contours,junk=cv2.findContours(myMask,cv2.RETR_EXTERNAL,cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE)
    if len(contours)>0:
        contours=sorted(contours,key=lambda x:cv2.contourArea(x),reverse=True)
        #cv2.drawContours(frame,contours,-1,(255,0,0),3)
        contour=contours[0]
        x,y,w,h=cv2.boundingRect(contour)
        cv2.rectangle(frame,(x,y),(x+w,y+h),(0,0,255),3)
        if track==1:
            error=(x+w/2)-dispW/2
            if error>35:
                panAngle=panAngle-1
                if panAngle<-90:
                    panAngle=-90
                pan.set_angle(panAngle)
            if error<-35:
                panAngle=panAngle+1
                if panAngle>90:
                    panAngle=90
                pan.set_angle(panAngle)
            tiltError=(y+h/2)-dispH/2
            if tiltError>35:
                tiltAngle=tiltAngle+1
                if tiltAngle>40:
                    tiltAngle=40
                tilt.set_angle(tiltAngle)
            if tiltError<-35:
                tiltAngle=tiltAngle-1
                if tiltAngle<-90:
                    tiltAngle=-90
                tilt.set_angle(tiltAngle)
        
    cv2.imshow('Camera',frame)
    cv2.imshow('Mask',myMaskSmall)
    cv2.imshow('My Object',myObjectSmall)
    if cv2.waitKey(1)==ord('q'):
        break
    tEnd=time.time()
    loopTime=tEnd-tStart
    fps=.9*fps + .1*(1/loopTime)
cv2.destroyAllWindows()

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# ====================================================================

# DISCLAIMER:

# This code is provided as-is for educational and experimental

# purposes only. The author makes no representations or warranties of

# any kind concerning the safety, suitability, or accuracy of this

# code. Use at your own risk. The author assumes no liability for any

# damages, system failures, security breaches, or network issues

# resulting from the use or implementation of this script.

# ====================================================================

import cv2

from picamera2 import Picamera2

import time

import numpy as np

from servo import Servo

picam2 = Picamera2()

pan=Servo(pin=13)

tilt=Servo(pin=12)

panAngle=0

tiltAngle=0

pan.set_angle(panAngle)

tilt.set_angle(tiltAngle)

dispW=1280

dispH=720

picam2.preview_configuration.main.size = (dispW,dispH)

picam2.preview_configuration.main.format = "RGB888"

picam2.preview_configuration.controls.FrameRate=30

picam2.preview_configuration.align()

picam2.configure("preview")

picam2.start()

fps=0

pos=(30,60)

font=cv2.FONT_HERSHEY_SIMPLEX

height=1.5

weight=3

myColor=(0,0,255)

track=0

def onTrack1(val):

global hueLow

hueLow=val

print('Hue Low',hueLow)

def onTrack2(val):

global hueHigh

hueHigh=val

print('Hue High',hueHigh)

def onTrack3(val):

global satLow

satLow=val

print('Sat Low',satLow)

def onTrack4(val):

global satHigh

satHigh=val

print('Sat High',satHigh)

def onTrack5(val):

global valLow

valLow=val

print('Val Low',valLow)

def onTrack6(val):

global valHigh

valHigh=val

print('Val High',valHigh)

def onTrack7(val):

global track

track=val

print('Track Value',track)

cv2.namedWindow('myTracker')

cv2.createTrackbar('Hue Low','myTracker',10,179,onTrack1)

cv2.createTrackbar('Hue High','myTracker',20,179,onTrack2)

cv2.createTrackbar('Sat Low','myTracker',100,255,onTrack3)

cv2.createTrackbar('Sat High','myTracker',255,255,onTrack4)

cv2.createTrackbar('Val Low','myTracker',100,255,onTrack5)

cv2.createTrackbar('Val High','myTracker',255,255,onTrack6)

cv2.createTrackbar('Train-0 Track-1','myTracker',0,1,onTrack7)

while True:

tStart=time.time()

frame= picam2.capture_array()

frame=cv2.flip(frame,-1)

frameHSV=cv2.cvtColor(frame,cv2.COLOR_BGR2HSV)

cv2.putText(frame,str(int(fps))+' FPS',pos,font,height,myColor,weight)

lowerBound=np.array([hueLow,satLow,valLow])

upperBound=np.array([hueHigh,satHigh,valHigh])

myMask=cv2.inRange(frameHSV,lowerBound,upperBound)

myMaskSmall=cv2.resize(myMask,(int(dispW/2),int(dispH/2)))

myObject=cv2.bitwise_and(frame,frame, mask=myMask)

myObjectSmall=cv2.resize(myObject,(int(dispW/2),int(dispH/2)))

contours,junk=cv2.findContours(myMask,cv2.RETR_EXTERNAL,cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE)

if len(contours)>0:

contours=sorted(contours,key=lambda x:cv2.contourArea(x),reverse=True)

#cv2.drawContours(frame,contours,-1,(255,0,0),3)

contour=contours[0]

x,y,w,h=cv2.boundingRect(contour)

cv2.rectangle(frame,(x,y),(x+w,y+h),(0,0,255),3)

if track==1:

error=(x+w/2)-dispW/2

if error>35:

panAngle=panAngle-1

if panAngle<-90:

panAngle=-90

pan.set_angle(panAngle)

if error<-35:

panAngle=panAngle+1

if panAngle>90:

panAngle=90

pan.set_angle(panAngle)

tiltError=(y+h/2)-dispH/2

if tiltError>35:

tiltAngle=tiltAngle+1

if tiltAngle>40:

tiltAngle=40

tilt.set_angle(tiltAngle)

if tiltError<-35:

tiltAngle=tiltAngle-1

if tiltAngle<-90:

tiltAngle=-90

tilt.set_angle(tiltAngle)

cv2.imshow('Camera',frame)

cv2.imshow('Mask',myMaskSmall)

cv2.imshow('My Object',myObjectSmall)

if cv2.waitKey(1)==ord('q'):

break

tEnd=time.time()

loopTime=tEnd-tStart

fps=.9*fps + .1*(1/loopTime)

cv2.destroyAllWindows()

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Raspberry Pi LESSON 58: Control System for Pan/Tilt Camera Hat for RPi Camera

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