Tag Archives: Visual Python

In this lesson we create an Analog Clock Model with proper hand motion. The code developed in the lesson is shown below:

from vpython import *
import numpy as np
import time
clockR=1
clockT=clockR/10
majorTickL=clockR/7
majorTickT=2*np.pi*clockR/400
majorTickW=clockT*1.2

minorTickL=clockR/12
minorTickT=2*np.pi*clockR/600
minorTickW=clockT*1.2

minuteHandL=clockR-majorTickL
minuteHandT=minuteHandL/25
minuteHandOffset=clockT/2+minuteHandT

hourHandL=.75*minuteHandL
hourHandT=minuteHandT*1.25
hourHandOffset=clockT+hourHandT

secondHandL=clockR-majorTickL/2
secondHandT=minuteHandL/50
secondHandOffset=clockT*1.5+minuteHandT

hubRadius=clockT/2

hourAngle=np.pi/2
minuteAngle=np.pi/2
minInc=.0001
hourInc=minInc/12
secondAngle=np.pi/2
secondInc=minInc*60

for theta in np.linspace(0,2*np.pi,13):
    majorTick=box(axis=vector(clockR*np.cos(theta),clockR*np.sin(theta),0), color=color.black, length=majorTickL, width=majorTickW, height=majorTickT, pos=vector((clockR-majorTickL/2)*np.cos(theta),(clockR-majorTickL/2)*np.sin(theta),0))
for theta in np.linspace(0,2*np.pi,61):
    minorTick=box(axis=vector(clockR*np.cos(theta),clockR*np.sin(theta),0), color=color.black, length=minorTickL, width=minorTickW, height=minorTickT, pos=vector((clockR-minorTickL/2)*np.cos(theta),(clockR-minorTickL/2)*np.sin(theta),0))

clockFace=cylinder(axis=vector(0,0,1),color=vector(0,1,.8),length=clockT, radius=clockR,pos=vector(0,0,-clockT/2))
minuteHand=arrow(axis=vector(0,1,0),color=color.red,shaftwidth=minuteHandT,length=minuteHandL, pos=vector(0,0,minuteHandOffset))
hourHand=arrow(axis=vector(0,1,0),color=color.red,shaftwidth=hourHandT,length=hourHandL, pos=vector(0,0,hourHandOffset))
secondHand=arrow(axis=vector(0,1,0),color=color.red,shaftwidth=secondHandT,length=secondHandL, pos=vector(0,0,secondHandOffset))
hub=cylinder(axis=vector(0,0,1),color=color.red, radius=hubRadius, length= 2*clockT)
while True:
    rate(5000)
    hour=time.localtime(time.time())[3]
    if hour>12:
        hour=hour-12
    minute=time.localtime(time.time())[4]
    second=time.localtime(time.time())[5]
    hourAngle=-((hour+minute/60)/12)*2*np.pi+np.pi/2
    minuteAngle=-((minute+second/60)/60)*2*np.pi+np.pi/2
    secondAngle=-(second/60)*2*np.pi+np.pi/2
    print(second)
    hourHand.axis=vector(hourHandL*np.cos(hourAngle),hourHandL*np.sin(hourAngle),0)
    minuteHand.axis=vector(minuteHandL*np.cos(minuteAngle),minuteHandL*np.sin(minuteAngle),0)
    secondHand.axis=vector(secondHandL*np.cos(secondAngle),secondHandL*np.sin(secondAngle),0)

from vpython import *

import numpy as np

import time

clockR=1

clockT=clockR/10

majorTickL=clockR/7

majorTickT=2*np.pi*clockR/400

majorTickW=clockT*1.2

minorTickL=clockR/12

minorTickT=2*np.pi*clockR/600

minorTickW=clockT*1.2

minuteHandL=clockR-majorTickL

minuteHandT=minuteHandL/25

minuteHandOffset=clockT/2+minuteHandT

hourHandL=.75*minuteHandL

hourHandT=minuteHandT*1.25

hourHandOffset=clockT+hourHandT

secondHandL=clockR-majorTickL/2

secondHandT=minuteHandL/50

secondHandOffset=clockT*1.5+minuteHandT

hubRadius=clockT/2

hourAngle=np.pi/2

minuteAngle=np.pi/2

minInc=.0001

hourInc=minInc/12

secondAngle=np.pi/2

secondInc=minInc*60

for theta in np.linspace(0,2*np.pi,13):

majorTick=box(axis=vector(clockR*np.cos(theta),clockR*np.sin(theta),0), color=color.black, length=majorTickL, width=majorTickW, height=majorTickT, pos=vector((clockR-majorTickL/2)*np.cos(theta),(clockR-majorTickL/2)*np.sin(theta),0))

for theta in np.linspace(0,2*np.pi,61):

minorTick=box(axis=vector(clockR*np.cos(theta),clockR*np.sin(theta),0), color=color.black, length=minorTickL, width=minorTickW, height=minorTickT, pos=vector((clockR-minorTickL/2)*np.cos(theta),(clockR-minorTickL/2)*np.sin(theta),0))

clockFace=cylinder(axis=vector(0,0,1),color=vector(0,1,.8),length=clockT, radius=clockR,pos=vector(0,0,-clockT/2))

minuteHand=arrow(axis=vector(0,1,0),color=color.red,shaftwidth=minuteHandT,length=minuteHandL, pos=vector(0,0,minuteHandOffset))

hourHand=arrow(axis=vector(0,1,0),color=color.red,shaftwidth=hourHandT,length=hourHandL, pos=vector(0,0,hourHandOffset))

secondHand=arrow(axis=vector(0,1,0),color=color.red,shaftwidth=secondHandT,length=secondHandL, pos=vector(0,0,secondHandOffset))

hub=cylinder(axis=vector(0,0,1),color=color.red, radius=hubRadius, length= 2*clockT)

while True:

rate(5000)

hour=time.localtime(time.time())[3]

if hour>12:

hour=hour-12

minute=time.localtime(time.time())[4]

second=time.localtime(time.time())[5]

hourAngle=-((hour+minute/60)/12)*2*np.pi+np.pi/2

minuteAngle=-((minute+second/60)/60)*2*np.pi+np.pi/2

secondAngle=-(second/60)*2*np.pi+np.pi/2

print(second)

hourHand.axis=vector(hourHandL*np.cos(hourAngle),hourHandL*np.sin(hourAngle),0)

minuteHand.axis=vector(minuteHandL*np.cos(minuteAngle),minuteHandL*np.sin(minuteAngle),0)

secondHand.axis=vector(secondHandL*np.cos(secondAngle),secondHandL*np.sin(secondAngle),0)

3D Graphics with Visual Python

Python 3D Graphics Tutorial 17: Creating an Accurate 3D Clock in Visual Python

November 3, 2021 admin

This is the code we developed in Lesson 17 in order to create a 3D visual of an accurate analog clock. This code will serve as the starting point for lesson #18.

from vpython import *
import numpy as np
import time
clockR=1
clockT=clockR/10
majorTickL=clockR/7
majorTickT=2*np.pi*clockR/400
majorTickW=clockT*1.2

minorTickL=clockR/12
minorTickT=2*np.pi*clockR/600
minorTickW=clockT*1.2

minuteHandL=clockR-majorTickL
minuteHandT=minuteHandL/25
minuteHandOffset=clockT/2+minuteHandT

hourHandL=.75*minuteHandL
hourHandT=minuteHandT*1.25
hourHandOffset=clockT+hourHandT

secondHandL=clockR-majorTickL/2
secondHandT=minuteHandL/50
secondHandOffset=clockT*1.5+minuteHandT

hubRadius=clockT/2

hourAngle=np.pi/2
minuteAngle=np.pi/2
minInc=.0001
hourInc=minInc/12
secondAngle=np.pi/2
secondInc=minInc*60

for theta in np.linspace(0,2*np.pi,13):
    majorTick=box(axis=vector(clockR*np.cos(theta),clockR*np.sin(theta),0), color=color.black, length=majorTickL, width=majorTickW, height=majorTickT, pos=vector((clockR-majorTickL/2)*np.cos(theta),(clockR-majorTickL/2)*np.sin(theta),0))
for theta in np.linspace(0,2*np.pi,61):
    minorTick=box(axis=vector(clockR*np.cos(theta),clockR*np.sin(theta),0), color=color.black, length=minorTickL, width=minorTickW, height=minorTickT, pos=vector((clockR-minorTickL/2)*np.cos(theta),(clockR-minorTickL/2)*np.sin(theta),0))

clockFace=cylinder(axis=vector(0,0,1),color=vector(0,1,.8),length=clockT, radius=clockR,pos=vector(0,0,-clockT/2))
minuteHand=arrow(axis=vector(0,1,0),color=color.red,shaftwidth=minuteHandT,length=minuteHandL, pos=vector(0,0,minuteHandOffset))
hourHand=arrow(axis=vector(0,1,0),color=color.red,shaftwidth=hourHandT,length=hourHandL, pos=vector(0,0,hourHandOffset))
secondHand=arrow(axis=vector(0,1,0),color=color.red,shaftwidth=secondHandT,length=secondHandL, pos=vector(0,0,secondHandOffset))
hub=cylinder(axis=vector(0,0,1),color=color.red, radius=hubRadius, length= 2*clockT)
while True:
    rate(5000)
    hour=time.localtime(time.time())[3]
    if hour>12:
        hour=hour-12
    minute=time.localtime(time.time())[4]
    second=time.localtime(time.time())[5]
    hourAngle=-(hour/12)*2*np.pi+np.pi/2
    minuteAngle=-(minute/60)*2*np.pi+np.pi/2
    secondAngle=-(second/60)*2*np.pi+np.pi/2
    print(second)
    hourHand.axis=vector(hourHandL*np.cos(hourAngle),hourHandL*np.sin(hourAngle),0)
    minuteHand.axis=vector(minuteHandL*np.cos(minuteAngle),minuteHandL*np.sin(minuteAngle),0)
    secondHand.axis=vector(secondHandL*np.cos(secondAngle),secondHandL*np.sin(secondAngle),0)

from vpython import *

import numpy as np

import time

clockR=1

clockT=clockR/10

majorTickL=clockR/7

majorTickT=2*np.pi*clockR/400

majorTickW=clockT*1.2

minorTickL=clockR/12

minorTickT=2*np.pi*clockR/600

minorTickW=clockT*1.2

minuteHandL=clockR-majorTickL

minuteHandT=minuteHandL/25

minuteHandOffset=clockT/2+minuteHandT

hourHandL=.75*minuteHandL

hourHandT=minuteHandT*1.25

hourHandOffset=clockT+hourHandT

secondHandL=clockR-majorTickL/2

secondHandT=minuteHandL/50

secondHandOffset=clockT*1.5+minuteHandT

hubRadius=clockT/2

hourAngle=np.pi/2

minuteAngle=np.pi/2

minInc=.0001

hourInc=minInc/12

secondAngle=np.pi/2

secondInc=minInc*60

for theta in np.linspace(0,2*np.pi,13):

for theta in np.linspace(0,2*np.pi,61):

clockFace=cylinder(axis=vector(0,0,1),color=vector(0,1,.8),length=clockT, radius=clockR,pos=vector(0,0,-clockT/2))

minuteHand=arrow(axis=vector(0,1,0),color=color.red,shaftwidth=minuteHandT,length=minuteHandL, pos=vector(0,0,minuteHandOffset))

hourHand=arrow(axis=vector(0,1,0),color=color.red,shaftwidth=hourHandT,length=hourHandL, pos=vector(0,0,hourHandOffset))

secondHand=arrow(axis=vector(0,1,0),color=color.red,shaftwidth=secondHandT,length=secondHandL, pos=vector(0,0,secondHandOffset))

hub=cylinder(axis=vector(0,0,1),color=color.red, radius=hubRadius, length= 2*clockT)

while True:

rate(5000)

hour=time.localtime(time.time())[3]

if hour>12:

hour=hour-12

minute=time.localtime(time.time())[4]

second=time.localtime(time.time())[5]

hourAngle=-(hour/12)*2*np.pi+np.pi/2

minuteAngle=-(minute/60)*2*np.pi+np.pi/2

secondAngle=-(second/60)*2*np.pi+np.pi/2

print(second)

hourHand.axis=vector(hourHandL*np.cos(hourAngle),hourHandL*np.sin(hourAngle),0)

minuteHand.axis=vector(minuteHandL*np.cos(minuteAngle),minuteHandL*np.sin(minuteAngle),0)

secondHand.axis=vector(secondHandL*np.cos(secondAngle),secondHandL*np.sin(secondAngle),0)

3D Graphics with Visual Python

Python 3D Graphics Tutorial 5: Bouncing Ball Simulation in Visual Python

August 21, 2021 admin

The program below is the code we developed in Lesson 5. It is a Vpython program that creates a 3D model of a marble bouncing in a box.

from vpython import *
from time import *
mRadius=.5
wallThickness=.1
roomWidth=12
roomDepth=20
roomHeight=2
floor=box(pos=vector(0,-roomHeight/2,0),size=vector(roomWidth,wallThickness,roomDepth), color=color.white)
ceiling=box(pos=vector(0,roomHeight/2,0),size=vector(roomWidth,wallThickness,roomDepth), color=color.white)
backWall=box(pos=vector(0,0,-roomDepth/2),size=vector(roomWidth,roomHeight,wallThickness), color=color.white)
leftWall=box(pos=vector(-roomWidth/2,0,0),size=vector(wallThickness,roomHeight,roomDepth), color=color.white)
rightWall=box(pos=vector(roomWidth/2,0,0),size=vector(wallThickness,roomHeight,roomDepth), color=color.white)
marble=sphere(radius=mRadius,color=color.red)
deltaX=.1
deltaY=.1
deltaZ=.1

xPos=0
yPos=0
zPos=0

while True:
    rate(25)

    xPos=xPos+deltaX
    yPos=yPos+deltaY
    zPos=zPos+deltaZ

    Xrme=xPos+mRadius
    Xlme=xPos-mRadius
    Ytme=yPos+mRadius
    Ybme=yPos-mRadius
    Zbme=zPos-mRadius
    Zfme=zPos+mRadius

    Rwe=roomWidth/2-wallThickness/2
    Lwe=-roomWidth/2+wallThickness/2
    Cwe=roomHeight/2-wallThickness/2
    FLOORwe=-roomHeight/2+wallThickness/2
    Bwe=-roomDepth/2+wallThickness/2
    Fwe=roomDepth/2-wallThickness/2

    if (Xrme>=Rwe or Xlme<=Lwe):
        deltaX=deltaX*(-1)

    if (Ytme>=Cwe or Ybme<=FLOORwe):
        deltaY=deltaY*(-1)

    if (Zfme>=Fwe or Zbme<=Bwe):
        deltaZ=deltaZ*(-1)

    marble.pos=vector(xPos,yPos,zPos)

from vpython import *

from time import *

mRadius=.5

wallThickness=.1

roomWidth=12

roomDepth=20

roomHeight=2

floor=box(pos=vector(0,-roomHeight/2,0),size=vector(roomWidth,wallThickness,roomDepth), color=color.white)

ceiling=box(pos=vector(0,roomHeight/2,0),size=vector(roomWidth,wallThickness,roomDepth), color=color.white)

backWall=box(pos=vector(0,0,-roomDepth/2),size=vector(roomWidth,roomHeight,wallThickness), color=color.white)

leftWall=box(pos=vector(-roomWidth/2,0,0),size=vector(wallThickness,roomHeight,roomDepth), color=color.white)

rightWall=box(pos=vector(roomWidth/2,0,0),size=vector(wallThickness,roomHeight,roomDepth), color=color.white)

marble=sphere(radius=mRadius,color=color.red)

deltaX=.1

deltaY=.1

deltaZ=.1

xPos=0

yPos=0

zPos=0

while True:

rate(25)

xPos=xPos+deltaX

yPos=yPos+deltaY

zPos=zPos+deltaZ

Xrme=xPos+mRadius

Xlme=xPos-mRadius

Ytme=yPos+mRadius

Ybme=yPos-mRadius

Zbme=zPos-mRadius

Zfme=zPos+mRadius

Rwe=roomWidth/2-wallThickness/2

Lwe=-roomWidth/2+wallThickness/2

Cwe=roomHeight/2-wallThickness/2

FLOORwe=-roomHeight/2+wallThickness/2

Bwe=-roomDepth/2+wallThickness/2

Fwe=roomDepth/2-wallThickness/2

if (Xrme>=Rwe or Xlme<=Lwe):

deltaX=deltaX*(-1)

if (Ytme>=Cwe or Ybme<=FLOORwe):

deltaY=deltaY*(-1)

if (Zfme>=Fwe or Zbme<=Bwe):

deltaZ=deltaZ*(-1)

marble.pos=vector(xPos,yPos,zPos)

3D Graphics with Visual Python

Python 3D Graphics LESSON 4: Understanding 3D Motion in Visual Python Model

August 14, 2021 admin

In this lesson we show how to make an animated ball properly bounce off a wall using Visual Python (Vpython).

from vpython import *
from time import *
mRadius=2
wallThickness=1
roomWidth=15
roomDepth=12
roomHeight=8
floor=box(pos=vector(0,-roomHeight/2,0),size=vector(roomWidth,wallThickness,roomDepth), color=color.white)
ceiling=box(pos=vector(0,roomHeight/2,0),size=vector(roomWidth,wallThickness,roomDepth), color=color.white)
backWall=box(pos=vector(0,0,-roomDepth/2),size=vector(roomWidth,roomHeight,wallThickness), color=color.white)
leftWall=box(pos=vector(-roomWidth/2,0,0),size=vector(wallThickness,roomHeight,roomDepth), color=color.white)
rightWall=box(pos=vector(roomWidth/2,0,0),size=vector(wallThickness,roomHeight,roomDepth), color=color.white)
marble=sphere(radius=mRadius,color=color.red)
deltaX=.1
xPos=0
while True:
    rate(25)
    xPos=xPos+deltaX
    Xrme=xPos+mRadius
    Xlme=xPos-mRadius
    Rwe=roomWidth/2-wallThickness/2
    Lwe=-roomWidth/2+wallThickness/2
    if (Xrme>=Rwe or Xlme<Lwe):
        deltaX=deltaX*(-1)
    marble.pos=vector(xPos,0,0)

from vpython import *

from time import *

mRadius=2

wallThickness=1

roomWidth=15

roomDepth=12

roomHeight=8

floor=box(pos=vector(0,-roomHeight/2,0),size=vector(roomWidth,wallThickness,roomDepth), color=color.white)

ceiling=box(pos=vector(0,roomHeight/2,0),size=vector(roomWidth,wallThickness,roomDepth), color=color.white)

backWall=box(pos=vector(0,0,-roomDepth/2),size=vector(roomWidth,roomHeight,wallThickness), color=color.white)

leftWall=box(pos=vector(-roomWidth/2,0,0),size=vector(wallThickness,roomHeight,roomDepth), color=color.white)

rightWall=box(pos=vector(roomWidth/2,0,0),size=vector(wallThickness,roomHeight,roomDepth), color=color.white)

marble=sphere(radius=mRadius,color=color.red)

deltaX=.1

xPos=0

while True:

rate(25)

xPos=xPos+deltaX

Xrme=xPos+mRadius

Xlme=xPos-mRadius

Rwe=roomWidth/2-wallThickness/2

Lwe=-roomWidth/2+wallThickness/2

if (Xrme>=Rwe or Xlme<Lwe):

deltaX=deltaX*(-1)

marble.pos=vector(xPos,0,0)

Arduino, Arduino 9-Axis IMU Totorials

9-Axis IMU LESSON 14: Introduction to Animating Objects in Vpython

November 14, 2019 admin

In this lesson we need to become more comfortable working with objects in Vpython. WE will show how to create an animated thermometer using the simple commands we have already learned.

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Tag Archives: Visual Python

Python 3D Graphics Tutorial 18: 3D Clock Model with Proper Hand Motion

Python 3D Graphics Tutorial 17: Creating an Accurate 3D Clock in Visual Python

Python 3D Graphics Tutorial 5: Bouncing Ball Simulation in Visual Python

Python 3D Graphics LESSON 4: Understanding 3D Motion in Visual Python Model

9-Axis IMU LESSON 14: Introduction to Animating Objects in Vpython

Making The World a Better Place One High Tech Project at a Time. Enjoy!